Summertime is perfect for going to the beach, swimming and lounging by the pool, relaxing in the hot tub, and playing in the water. But summer fun also presents potential hazards for your teeth. Here are some tips to recognize, prevent, and deal with problems and injuries that may occur.

Water in swimming pools and hot tubs

In order to protect people from water-borne illnesses, most pools and hot tubs are carefully treated with chlorine, bromide, or other chemicals. But too much of these chemicals can stain your teeth a yellowish brown color or erode the enamel on your teeth. Tooth erosion, in turn, may need to be corrected with bonding, crowns, or tooth extractions.

People who swim more than 6 hours a week are particularly vulnerable to the brown-colored tartar that builds up on teeth. Sometimes referred to as "swimmers' calculus," it is evident in as many as 58 percent of the children and teenagers who are active participants in swimming programs at elementary and high schools.

How can you tell if there's too much chlorine or bromide in the water? If you and your family's hair becomes brittle or if your teeth feel rough, that's a sure sign that the pH balance (acidity level) in the water is too high.

To avoid the effects of too much exposure to chlorine or other chemicals:

• Limit your time in the pool or hot tub.
• Always shower both before and afterwards.
• Avoid swallowing or getting the water in your mouth.
• Rinse your mouth with clear water after swimming.
• Let us know immediately if you notice any changes in the color of your or your family's teeth.

Pool surfaces and waterslides

Swimming pools and waterslides are sources of fun and relaxation. Unfortunately, they also are sources of injuries when fast swimmers smack into the ledge of a pool, enthusiastic sliders crash into each other, or wet, slippery surfaces make it easier to slip and fall. For example, according to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, 2/3 of all waterslide injuries result in chipped or cracked teeth, fractures to the enamel or crown of the tooth, a knocked-out tooth, or other injuries to the mouth.

The easiest way to prevent these injuries is through common sense:

• Remind your family to walk, not run, around the pool or waterslide area.
• Be patient and take turns on the slides and diving boards, and allow enough time for each person to start down the waterslide.
• Avoid pushing, shoving, or other horseplay that could result in someone slipping or falling.

If an injury does occur, contact our office as soon as possible. Depending on the severity of a cracked or chipped tooth, no treatment may be necessary. Or, we may be able to restore it by bonding tooth-colored materials or rebuilding the tooth.

However, if a tooth comes out, immediately pick it up by the crown (not the roots) and put it back into the socket if possible. Or, put the tooth in milk, saliva, or a saline solution to preserve it, and contact us immediately. Be safe this summer—and have fun!